Before Spain's Colonizing, in Mexico, there was Aztec Empire.
Aztec Empire
The Aztec Empire was a tribute empire based in Tenochtitlan. The Aztec people were ethnic groups of Mexico, they spoke "Nahuatl" language, and governed large parts of Mesoamerica. They lived and governed there from the 13th to 16th centuries. The Acolhuas of Texcoco, the Tepanecs of Tlacopan, and the Mexica formed the "Aztec Triple Alliance" which is often known as "the Aztec Empire".
Since 13th century, Aztec civilization flourished in the Valley of Mexico. The Mexicas arrived at Chapultepec in or around the year 1248. When they arrived, the Valley of Mexico had many city-states, the most powerful two city-states were Culhuacan and Azcapotzalco. The Azcapotzalco evicted the Mexicas from Chapultepec soon. In 1299, however, Culhuacan ruler, Cocoxtli, gave them the permission to settle in the empty barrens of Tizapan. According to Aztec legend, the Mexicas saw a vision that an eagle, on a prickly pear cactus, was eating a snake. They thought this vision signified the location where they had to settle. The Mexicas arrived on a small island in Lake Texcoco, and found the town of Tenochtitlan in 1325. In 1376, the Mexicas elected their first Huey Tlatoani(ruler), Acamapichtli.
Until 1427, the Mexicas had to pay tribute to Azcapotzalco, which held power over Mesoamerica. Maxtla, son of the ruler of Azcapotzalco, assassinated the Mexica ruler. To defeat Maxtla, Itzcoatl, who was a Chimalpopoca(Mexica's ruler)'s successor, allied with the exiled ruler of Texcoco, Nezahualcoyotl. This association was the foundation of the "Aztec Empire", which defeated Azcapotzalco in 1428. Later, the Triple Alliance of Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan governed the Valley of Mexico, and extended their power to the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific shore. Tenochtitlan became the central power of the alliance.
Since 13th century, Aztec civilization flourished in the Valley of Mexico. The Mexicas arrived at Chapultepec in or around the year 1248. When they arrived, the Valley of Mexico had many city-states, the most powerful two city-states were Culhuacan and Azcapotzalco. The Azcapotzalco evicted the Mexicas from Chapultepec soon. In 1299, however, Culhuacan ruler, Cocoxtli, gave them the permission to settle in the empty barrens of Tizapan. According to Aztec legend, the Mexicas saw a vision that an eagle, on a prickly pear cactus, was eating a snake. They thought this vision signified the location where they had to settle. The Mexicas arrived on a small island in Lake Texcoco, and found the town of Tenochtitlan in 1325. In 1376, the Mexicas elected their first Huey Tlatoani(ruler), Acamapichtli.
Until 1427, the Mexicas had to pay tribute to Azcapotzalco, which held power over Mesoamerica. Maxtla, son of the ruler of Azcapotzalco, assassinated the Mexica ruler. To defeat Maxtla, Itzcoatl, who was a Chimalpopoca(Mexica's ruler)'s successor, allied with the exiled ruler of Texcoco, Nezahualcoyotl. This association was the foundation of the "Aztec Empire", which defeated Azcapotzalco in 1428. Later, the Triple Alliance of Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan governed the Valley of Mexico, and extended their power to the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific shore. Tenochtitlan became the central power of the alliance.
The begining of the Spanish colonization of aztecs
The Spanish conquistadors were looking for lands to conquer, gold, silver, slaves and people to preach the Catholic religion. When they were looking for land to colonize, Columbus discovered a new continent, America. After Columbus's discovery, Francisco de Cordoba landed on the Mexican peninsula Yucatan, and soon, the Spanish were amazed that they found the capital city of Tenochtitlan. The Spanish conquistador, Hernan Cortes came to Mexico and met the ruler of the Aztec Empire. The Aztecs believed that the Spanish Conquistador was a god. They were worried that the world was coming to an end, and therefore, they tried to keep the Spanish Conquistador happy. The Aztec emperor, Montezuma II, tried to bribe Cortes, however, Cortes allied with the enemy of the Aztecs. Montezuma tried to lure Cortes, but he did more harm than good; Montezuma was taken prisoner. Later when Montezuma died, the furious Aztec people killed most of the army of Cortes. The army of Cortes beat a hasty retreat and met Tlaxcallan. Tlazcallan knew that Spaniards' weapons were very powerful. They allied with Cortes and defeated the Aztecs.